Optimal. Leaf size=164 \[ -\frac {\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}+\frac {\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e} \]
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Rubi [A]
time = 0.12, antiderivative size = 164, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps
used = 4, number of rules used = 3, integrand size = 30, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.100, Rules used = {1156, 1144,
211} \begin {gather*} \frac {\sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+b}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} e \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}-\frac {\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \text {ArcTan}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} e \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Rule 211
Rule 1144
Rule 1156
Rubi steps
\begin {align*} \int \frac {(d+e x)^2}{a+b (d+e x)^2+c (d+e x)^4} \, dx &=\frac {\text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {x^2}{a+b x^2+c x^4} \, dx,x,d+e x\right )}{e}\\ &=\frac {\left (1-\frac {b}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {b}{2}-\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx,x,d+e x\right )}{2 e}+\frac {\left (1+\frac {b}{\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}\right ) \text {Subst}\left (\int \frac {1}{\frac {b}{2}+\frac {1}{2} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c}+c x^2} \, dx,x,d+e x\right )}{2 e}\\ &=-\frac {\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}+\frac {\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} e}\\ \end {align*}
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Mathematica [A]
time = 0.07, size = 175, normalized size = 1.07 \begin {gather*} \frac {\left (-b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}\right ) \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )+\sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} \tan ^{-1}\left (\frac {\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} (d+e x)}{\sqrt {b+\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}}}\right )}{\sqrt {2} \sqrt {c} \sqrt {b^2-4 a c} \sqrt {b-\sqrt {b^2-4 a c}} e} \end {gather*}
Antiderivative was successfully verified.
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Maple [C] Result contains higher order function than in optimal. Order 9 vs. order
3.
time = 0.16, size = 140, normalized size = 0.85
method | result | size |
default | \(\frac {\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (e^{4} c \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+4 d \,e^{3} c \,\textit {\_Z}^{3}+\left (6 d^{2} e^{2} c +e^{2} b \right ) \textit {\_Z}^{2}+\left (4 d^{3} e c +2 d e b \right ) \textit {\_Z} +d^{4} c +d^{2} b +a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\textit {\_R}^{2} e^{2}+2 \textit {\_R} d e +d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 e^{3} c \,\textit {\_R}^{3}+6 d \,e^{2} c \,\textit {\_R}^{2}+6 c \,d^{2} e \textit {\_R} +2 c \,d^{3}+e b \textit {\_R} +b d}}{2 e}\) | \(140\) |
risch | \(\frac {\munderset {\textit {\_R} =\RootOf \left (e^{4} c \,\textit {\_Z}^{4}+4 d \,e^{3} c \,\textit {\_Z}^{3}+\left (6 d^{2} e^{2} c +e^{2} b \right ) \textit {\_Z}^{2}+\left (4 d^{3} e c +2 d e b \right ) \textit {\_Z} +d^{4} c +d^{2} b +a \right )}{\sum }\frac {\left (\textit {\_R}^{2} e^{2}+2 \textit {\_R} d e +d^{2}\right ) \ln \left (x -\textit {\_R} \right )}{2 e^{3} c \,\textit {\_R}^{3}+6 d \,e^{2} c \,\textit {\_R}^{2}+6 c \,d^{2} e \textit {\_R} +2 c \,d^{3}+e b \textit {\_R} +b d}}{2 e}\) | \(140\) |
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Maxima [F]
time = 0.00, size = 0, normalized size = 0.00 \begin {gather*} \text {Failed to integrate} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Fricas [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 599 vs.
\(2 (129) = 258\).
time = 0.45, size = 599, normalized size = 3.65 \begin {gather*} \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b + \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b + \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} e}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}} + x e + d\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b + \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} \log \left (-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b + \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} e}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}} + x e + d\right ) - \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b - \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} \log \left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b - \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} e}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}} + x e + d\right ) + \frac {1}{2} \, \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b - \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} \log \left (-\frac {\sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} {\left (b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}\right )} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b - \frac {b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}}\right )} e^{\left (-2\right )}}{b^{2} c - 4 \, a c^{2}}} e}{\sqrt {b^{2} c^{2} - 4 \, a c^{3}}} + x e + d\right ) \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Sympy [A]
time = 0.74, size = 104, normalized size = 0.63 \begin {gather*} \operatorname {RootSum} {\left (t^{4} \cdot \left (256 a^{2} c^{3} e^{4} - 128 a b^{2} c^{2} e^{4} + 16 b^{4} c e^{4}\right ) + t^{2} \left (- 16 a b c e^{2} + 4 b^{3} e^{2}\right ) + a, \left ( t \mapsto t \log {\left (x + \frac {64 t^{3} a c^{2} e^{3} - 16 t^{3} b^{2} c e^{3} - 2 t b e + d}{e} \right )} \right )\right )} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Giac [B] Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. 1285 vs.
\(2 (129) = 258\).
time = 4.27, size = 1285, normalized size = 7.84 \begin {gather*} -\frac {{\left ({\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} d e + d^{2}\right )} \log \left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + x + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}{2 \, {\left (2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{3} c e^{4} - 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} c d e^{3} + 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} c d^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, c d^{3} e + {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} b e^{2} - b d e\right )}} - \frac {{\left ({\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} d e + d^{2}\right )} \log \left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + x - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}{2 \, {\left (2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{3} c e^{4} - 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} c d e^{3} + 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} c d^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, c d^{3} e + {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} + \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} b e^{2} - b d e\right )}} - \frac {{\left ({\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} d e + d^{2}\right )} \log \left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + x + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}{2 \, {\left (2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{3} c e^{4} - 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} c d e^{3} + 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} c d^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, c d^{3} e + {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} b e^{2} - b d e\right )}} - \frac {{\left ({\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} d e + d^{2}\right )} \log \left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} + x - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}{2 \, {\left (2 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{3} c e^{4} - 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )}^{2} c d e^{3} + 6 \, {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} c d^{2} e^{2} - 2 \, c d^{3} e + {\left (d e^{\left (-1\right )} - \sqrt {\frac {1}{2}} \sqrt {-\frac {{\left (b e^{2} - \sqrt {b^{2} - 4 \, a c} e^{2}\right )} e^{\left (-4\right )}}{c}}\right )} b e^{2} - b d e\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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Mupad [B]
time = 1.74, size = 590, normalized size = 3.60 \begin {gather*} -2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {-\frac {b^3+\sqrt {-{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^3}-4\,a\,b\,c}{8\,\left (16\,a^2\,c^3\,e^2-8\,a\,b^2\,c^2\,e^2+b^4\,c\,e^2\right )}}\,\left (x\,\left (4\,a\,c^2\,e^{12}-2\,b^2\,c\,e^{12}\right )+\frac {\left (x\,\left (8\,b^3\,c^2\,e^{14}-32\,a\,b\,c^3\,e^{14}\right )+8\,b^3\,c^2\,d\,e^{13}-32\,a\,b\,c^3\,d\,e^{13}\right )\,\left (b^3+\sqrt {-{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^3}-4\,a\,b\,c\right )}{8\,\left (16\,a^2\,c^3\,e^2-8\,a\,b^2\,c^2\,e^2+b^4\,c\,e^2\right )}+4\,a\,c^2\,d\,e^{11}-2\,b^2\,c\,d\,e^{11}\right )}{a\,c\,e^{10}}\right )\,\sqrt {-\frac {b^3+\sqrt {-{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^3}-4\,a\,b\,c}{8\,\left (16\,a^2\,c^3\,e^2-8\,a\,b^2\,c^2\,e^2+b^4\,c\,e^2\right )}}-2\,\mathrm {atanh}\left (\frac {\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^3}-b^3+4\,a\,b\,c}{8\,\left (16\,a^2\,c^3\,e^2-8\,a\,b^2\,c^2\,e^2+b^4\,c\,e^2\right )}}\,\left (x\,\left (4\,a\,c^2\,e^{12}-2\,b^2\,c\,e^{12}\right )-\frac {\left (x\,\left (8\,b^3\,c^2\,e^{14}-32\,a\,b\,c^3\,e^{14}\right )+8\,b^3\,c^2\,d\,e^{13}-32\,a\,b\,c^3\,d\,e^{13}\right )\,\left (\sqrt {-{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^3}-b^3+4\,a\,b\,c\right )}{8\,\left (16\,a^2\,c^3\,e^2-8\,a\,b^2\,c^2\,e^2+b^4\,c\,e^2\right )}+4\,a\,c^2\,d\,e^{11}-2\,b^2\,c\,d\,e^{11}\right )}{a\,c\,e^{10}}\right )\,\sqrt {\frac {\sqrt {-{\left (4\,a\,c-b^2\right )}^3}-b^3+4\,a\,b\,c}{8\,\left (16\,a^2\,c^3\,e^2-8\,a\,b^2\,c^2\,e^2+b^4\,c\,e^2\right )}} \end {gather*}
Verification of antiderivative is not currently implemented for this CAS.
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